Gilsonite Wikipedia<\/p>\n
Gilsonite, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 asphaltum ho\u1eb7c uintahite, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i hydrocarbon r\u1eafn t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c Uinta thu\u1ed9c bang Utah. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng asphaltite, n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt \u1edf ch\u1ed7 h\u00f2a tan trong c\u00e1c dung m\u00f4i th\u01a1m v\u00e0 b\u00e9o nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. Gilsonite c\u00f3 m\u00e0u \u0111en, nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 gi\u00f2n, gi\u1ed1ng than \u0111\u00e1 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 m\u1ef1c in, s\u01a1n, ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch khoan do \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh, ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5m v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t b\u1ecbt k\u00edn. <\/p>\n
\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1860, Gilsonite tr\u1edf n\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb s\u01a1n ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. M\u1ecf Gilsonite xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u00e1 tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch c\u1ee7a l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c Uinta. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi h\u01a1n, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite carbon v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh. <\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u1edd c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng quan ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c chung: <\/p>\n
\u0110\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng
\n H\u00ecnh th\u00e1i: Gilsonite c\u00f3 m\u00e0u \u0111en b\u00f3ng v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 v\u1ee1.
\n Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n: N\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c hydrocacbon ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u1edbi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cacbon cao v\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh th\u1ea5p.
\n \u0110i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y: N\u00f3 m\u1ec1m ra v\u00e0 tan ch\u1ea3y \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh.
\n S\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh
\n Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta tin r\u1eb1ng gilsonite \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u trong c\u00e1c khe n\u1ee9t, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c hydrocacbon nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n bay h\u01a1i, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ef1a r\u1eafn.<\/p>\n
\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng
\n M\u1ef1c v\u00e0 S\u01a1n: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o m\u00e0u v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh trong m\u1ef1c, vecni v\u00e0 s\u01a1n nh\u1edd \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5m n\u01b0\u1edbc.
\n C\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng: N\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9.
\n Khoan d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia trong dung d\u1ecbch khoan \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t dung d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh gi\u1ebfng khoan.
\n L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p: Cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.
\n Ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t tr\u00e1m k\u00edn: Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t li\u00ean k\u1ebft nh\u1edd \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh k\u1ebft d\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.
\n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed
\n Kho\u00e1ng v\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean theo Samuel H. Gilson, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Khu v\u1ef1c n\u01a1i t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y kho\u00e1ng v\u1eadt n\u00e0y v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p gilsonite ch\u00ednh tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. <\/p>\n