{"id":22112,"date":"2026-06-07T21:31:16","date_gmt":"2026-06-07T17:31:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.petroacc.com\/bitum-nedir"},"modified":"2026-06-07T21:31:16","modified_gmt":"2026-06-07T17:31:16","slug":"bitum-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.petroacc.com\/tr\/bitum-nedir","title":{"rendered":"BIT\u00dcM NEDIR?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\nBu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc, macunsu bir \u015fekle sahip siyah bir malzemedir ve ana uygulama alan\u0131 su yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 ve asfalt yap\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. Bu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn her biri farkl\u0131 uygulamalara sahip olan farkl\u0131 t\u00fcrleri vard\u0131r. Daha spesifik olarak, bu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcndeki hidrokarbonlar\u0131n kombinasyonunun do\u011fal veya rafineri kaynakl\u0131 bir macun ve kolloidal \u015fekil oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilir. bu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc, herhangi bir s\u0131cakl\u0131kta belirli bir davran\u0131\u015f g\u00f6steren fiziksel davran\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan malzemedir. Ortam s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ne elastik bir malzemenin ne de viskoz bir malzemenin davran\u0131\u015f\u0131na sahiptir. Bu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 bu iki durumun bir kombinasyonunu yani viskoelastik davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7erir.\nPetrol \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinden elde edilen bit\u00fcm genellikle rafinerilerde \u00fcretilir. \n\n \n\nBit\u00fcm ortam s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kat\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong>\nOrtam s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a hamurla\u015f\u0131r.\nOrtam s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok y\u00fckseltirsek s\u0131v\u0131 hale gelir.\nBu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn su ge\u00e7irimsizli\u011fi ve yap\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu malzemenin bir\u00e7ok uygulamaya sahip olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan \u00f6zelliklerdir.\n\n \n\nBit\u00fcm t\u00fcrleri<\/strong>\nBu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc, petrolden veya saf bit\u00fcm ad\u0131 verilen \u00f6zel minerallerden elde edilir. Bu madde olu\u015fum k\u00f6kenine g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr Saf petrol \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc, gerekli \u00f6zellik ve nitelikleri elde etmek i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli uygulamalarda kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere i\u015flemlere tabi tutulur ve bu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn (\u00fcflemeli bit\u00fcm, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnebilir bit\u00fcm, em\u00fclsiyon bit\u00fcm, polimer bit\u00fcm vb.) \n\n \n\nPetrol Bit\u00fcm<\/strong>\nBu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc genellikle ham petrol\u00fcn dam\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131ndan elde edilir.\nBu \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn bir di\u011fer ad\u0131 petrol bit\u00fcm veya dam\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bit\u00fcmd\u00fcr.\nBu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc dam\u0131tma kulesinde iki a\u015famal\u0131 ham petrol dam\u0131tma i\u015fleminden elde edilir.\nBir atmosfere yak\u0131n bas\u0131n\u00e7larda dam\u0131tma yap\u0131lan ilk a\u015famada benzin ve propan gibi daha hafif maddeler ham petrolden ayr\u0131l\u0131r ve geri kalan\u0131 bir sonraki a\u015famaya aktar\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130kinci a\u015famada ise dizel ve kerosen gibi daha a\u011f\u0131r bile\u015fikler ilk a\u015famadaki ham petrol kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131ndan ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bu i\u015flem vakum bas\u0131nc\u0131na yak\u0131n bir bas\u0131n\u00e7ta ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir. Son olarak, asfalten ad\u0131 verilen gres benzeri bir maddeye bat\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00e7ok ince kat\u0131 par\u00e7ac\u0131klardan olu\u015fan bir kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m kal\u0131r. \n\n \n\nDo\u011fal bit\u00fcm<\/strong>\nAncak bu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin do\u011fada bulunan baz\u0131 t\u00fcrleri vard\u0131r.\nHam petrol\u00fcn kademeli olarak d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra u\u00e7ucular\u0131n\u0131n uzun y\u0131llar boyunca buharla\u015fmas\u0131yla elde edilen bu malzemeler do\u011fal bit\u00fcm olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bit\u00fcm do\u011fada saf halde de bulunabilir ki buna g\u00f6l bit\u00fcm\u00fc denir. Bildi\u011finiz gibi, bu t\u00fcr bit\u00fcm \u0130ran’da Behbahan bit\u00fcm g\u00f6l\u00fcnde ve ayr\u0131ca Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri’nde Trinidad bit\u00fcm g\u00f6l\u00fcnde bulunur.\nDo\u011fal bit\u00fcm petrol bit\u00fcm\u00fcnden daha dayan\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r. \n\n \n\nBu Petrol \u00dcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn Ke\u015ffi<\/strong>\nBu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc \u00e7ok eski zamanlardan beri, S\u00fcmerler, Asurlular ve hatta daha \u00f6nceki bir\u00e7ok uygarl\u0131k zaman\u0131nda su yal\u0131t\u0131m malzemesi olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve \u00e7o\u011funlukla gemilerin su almas\u0131na ve batmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 in\u015fa edilmesinde ve yal\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131nda kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca eski M\u0131s\u0131r ve Yunanistan’da bu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc cesetlerin mumyalanmas\u0131nda, heykel ve s\u00fcslemelerde ve hatta sava\u015flarda \u015fehir kap\u0131lar\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131lan d\u00fc\u015fman kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 savunmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu de\u011ferli malzeme ayn\u0131 zamanda pi\u015fmi\u015f tu\u011flalarla birlikte sak\u0131z olarak tap\u0131nak ve k\u00f6pr\u00fc s\u00fctunlar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131m\u0131nda ya da sokak ve evlerin d\u00f6\u015fenmesinde kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu malzemenin bir ba\u015fka \u00e7ok de\u011ferli uygulamas\u0131 da nem ge\u00e7irmez bir malzeme ve su depolama cihazlar\u0131nda bir ba\u011flant\u0131 maddesi olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Bu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn kay\u0131tlara ge\u00e7mi\u015f kullan\u0131m\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 3800 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine, S\u00fcmerler zaman\u0131na kadar uzanmaktad\u0131r. \n\n \n\nBu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131 5000 y\u0131ldan daha eskiye dayanmaktad\u0131r<\/strong>\n(Mamaton) olarak bilinen bu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn eski \u0130ran’daki rol\u00fc de \u00e7ok temeldi. Ahameni\u015f d\u00f6neminde “Mamatan” olarak bilinen Huzistan bit\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn alet yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, bu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc ile kap kacak yap\u0131lmas\u0131, damgalama ve s\u00fcs e\u015fyalar\u0131 gibi bir\u00e7ok uygulamas\u0131 vard\u0131 ve ayr\u0131ca zamanla bu malzemenin dini, askeri, mimari ve t\u0131bbi uygulamalar\u0131 da oldu. Ahameni\u015f uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcmesinde ve geli\u015fmesinde \u00f6nemli bir rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ahameni\u015f hanedan\u0131 bu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc Persepolis’in ihti\u015faml\u0131 saray\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fch\u00fcrlemek ve su ge\u00e7irmez hale getirmek i\u00e7in kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 Persepolis’in tarihi kompleksinde g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.\nAntik Susa sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 bu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc ve kalbit kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kullanm\u0131\u015f ve ta\u015fa \u00e7ok benzeyen bir bile\u015fim elde etmek i\u00e7in \u0131s\u0131tm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu malzemeyi \u00e7e\u015fitli nesnelerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra heykel ve fosil yap\u0131m\u0131nda da kullanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \n\n \n\nModern end\u00fcstride bit\u00fcm<\/strong>\nModern end\u00fcstride ve modern \u00e7a\u011fda bu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fcretimi MS 1712 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar uzanmaktad\u0131r.\nBu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn end\u00fcstride kullan\u0131m\u0131 Fransa’da do\u011fal bit\u00fcm ta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n ke\u015ffedilmesiyle ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\nBu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc kullan\u0131larak yap\u0131lan ilk yollarda, arabalar\u0131n ve atlar\u0131n hareketiyle ezilmesi ve yol y\u00fczeyini kaplamas\u0131 i\u00e7in bit\u00fcm<\/a> par\u00e7alar\u0131 y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar halinde ge\u00e7itlere ve patikalara d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcyor, bir s\u00fcre sonra bu malzemeleri pedal \u00e7evirerek yol y\u00fczeyine bit\u00fcm tozu d\u00f6k\u00fcyor ve d\u00f6v\u00fcyorlard\u0131. Bu Avrupa’da ilk kez yap\u0131l\u0131yordu. Bu tozu \u0131s\u0131tarak ve d\u00f6verek yollar\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131 bir bit\u00fcm y\u00fczeyle kaplad\u0131lar. \n\n \n\nAsfaltta kullan\u0131lan<\/strong> bu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc\nBu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn asfaltta kullan\u0131m\u0131 on dokuzuncu y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda Fransa’da ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\nAsfalt kullan\u0131m\u0131 ilk olarak 1830 y\u0131l\u0131nda Frans\u0131z kald\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.\nD\u00fcnyan\u0131n ilk asfalt yolu 1870 y\u0131l\u0131nda Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri’nde in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir.\n\n\n\n
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Bu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc, macunsu bir \u015fekle sahip siyah bir malzemedir ve ana uygulama alan\u0131 su yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 ve asfalt yap\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. Bu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn her biri farkl\u0131 uygulamalara sahip olan farkl\u0131 t\u00fcrleri vard\u0131r. Daha spesifik olarak, bu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcndeki hidrokarbonlar\u0131n kombinasyonunun do\u011fal veya rafineri kaynakl\u0131 bir macun ve kolloidal \u015fekil oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilir. bu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc, herhangi bir s\u0131cakl\u0131kta […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":17486,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[1664,1134],"tags":[1829],"class_list":["post-22112","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bitum","category-makaleler","tag-bitum-nedir"],"yoast_head":"\nBit\u00fcm nedir Aras Petrochemical Co.<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Bit\u00fcm hakk\u0131nda herhangi bir bilgisi olmayan ki\u015filerin ortak sorular\u0131ndan biri bit\u00fcm nedir olacakt\u0131r, herkes bu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc burada tan\u0131yabilir\" \/>\n<meta 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